BI 173 - First Exam -
2005MULTIPLE
CHOICE.Place the letter of the choice that
best answers the question on the line to the left. Two Points Each.
NOTE: "e" answers are
never the correct answer.
_______ 1. Uniformitarianism is a strong influence in the concept of
a. Mendel’s Laws
b. Scientific method
c. Punctuated evolution |
d. Gradual evolution
e. How to produce large scary words
_______ 2. On one type of molecular clock, the "ticks" come from
a. Cell counts b. Amino acid changes c. Organelle types
d. Chromosome number
e. The space between the "tocks"
_______ 3. Specimens look the most three dimensional through
a. A scanning microscope b. A transmission microscope c. A light microscope
d. An electron microscope
e. Those funny cardboard glasses
_______ 4. Endocytosis is considered to be a form of
a. Active transport
b. Locomotion
c. Cellular defense
d. Passive transport
e. Bioconfusion attack
_______5. Which is, according to current
versions of the heterotroph hypothesis, a proper
chronological sequence?
a. Photosynthesis, protocells, aerobic respiration
b. Eukaryotes, photosynthesis, molecular evolution
c. Aerobic respiration, photosynthesis, multicellularity
d. Photosynthesis, aerobic respiration, eukaryotes
e. Slime, little wiggly things, big wiggly things
_______6. A truly scientific hypothesis should be
a. Observable and logical
b. Testable and controllable
c. Quantifiable and controllable
d. Predictive and testable
e. Something that’ll bring you the Big Bucks
_______7. In the phrase ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny, the first word means
a. Family history
b. Evolutionary background
c. A replay
d. Embryo development
e. That you can use your togeny to put stuff on
_______8. Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment includes a "loophole" involving
a. Linkage
b. Evolution
c. Mutations
d. Dominance
e. Whom the chocolates were bought for
_______9. Alfred Russel Wallace is considered the "father" of
a. Ecology
b. Biogeography
c. Neo-Darwinism
d. Genetics
e. All the little Wallaces
_______10. Meiosis is associated with
a. Asexual reproduction
b. Cell feeding
c. Sexual reproduction
d. Cell locomotion
e. Very intelligent kitty-cats
_______11. An organism whose DNA is highly resistant to mutational changes would
a. Have a totally unique chemistry
b. Be virtually immune to going extinct
c. Have to be an asexual reproducer
d. Have occupied a very stable environment for a long time
e. Probably be all stuck-up about it
_______12. What seems to have happened during the Cambrian Explosion was
a. Movement of organisms onto the land
b. The first appearance of many animal groups
c. All major forms of multicelled life developed
d. The largest extinction event ever
e. The result of Cambrian terrorists
_______13. Traits that are analogous but not at all homologous often result from
a. Sharing an ancestor
b. Divergent evolution
c. The same cells
d. Convergent evolution e. Traits that should have stayed away from the dictionary
_______14. Which approach builds evolutionary
"trees" where splits are tied to the appearance
of new traits?
a. Cladistics b. Systematics c. Genetics d. Division e. Traiteology
_______15. Which is true about genetic traits?
a. Looked at closely, they are usually multiple gene traits
b. The vast majority are dominant or recessive
c. All have equal numbers of alleles in a gene pool
d. All of these are equally true
e. They don’t come close to explaining my family
_______16. Selective breeding of domestic animals and plants is also called
a. Ontogeny
b. Survival of the fittest
c. Artificial selection
d. Culling
e. The lucky and the unlucky
_______17. Which sorts of molecular bonds are most common in biological systems?
a. Covalent and ionic
b. Covalent and hydrogen
c. Ionic and hydrogen
d. Covalent and multivalent
e. The cheap ones, right off the rack
_______18. One the main "shifts" from Darwin to neo-darwinism is the added impact of
a. Geology
b. Biochemistry
c. Genetics d.
Embryology
e. The "neo" in front
SHORT ANSWER.
Pick TEN Questions to answer in the spaces
provided.
NOTE: if you answer MORE than ten, only the
first ten will be corrected.
Four Points each. Partial credit is possible.
| 1. What are two structures commonly associated with a eukaryote nucleus? | |
| 2. Give one type of cell extension structure - | |
| USED FOR LOCOMOTION |
NOT USED FOR LOCOMOTION |
| 3. Some living things have very complete fossil records. What are two other things that such living things have in common? | |
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| 4. Evolutionary rates depend upon what other two rates? | |
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| 5. What is the major advantage
that electron microscopes have over light
microscopes?
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| 6. There are two types of
genetic redundancy. Briefly explain how one of them works.
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| 7. Lamarck left behind two different ideas that had a lot of influence. What are they? | |
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| 8. It is possible that Earth’s
"Snowball" period may have spurred the evolutionary "leap" to
multicellular animals. Why would one lead to the other?
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| 9. Briefly define
sexual selection.
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| 10. Lethal genes are often
recessive alleles. Why?
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| 11. What is the purpose of
a control test? (Do NOT define!)
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| 12. What are two biological methods for setting gender in an individual? | |
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| 13. What are two of the points (the "givens") that formed the foundation for Darwin’s Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection? | |
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| 14. In the fluid mosaic model, explain the parts- | |
| FLUID -
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MOSAIC - |
| 15. Briefly explain how active
transport of salts could be use to set up osmosis in a particular
direction.
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| 16. What, exactly,
is a codon?
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LONG ANSWER.
Select and answer completely any four
of the following questions.
NOTE: if you answer more than four, only the first four will be
corrected.
Six Points Each. Partial credit is possible.
| 1. What are four different ways that groups can become reproductively isolated from each other? | |||
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| 2. What are six different characteristics that all living things should possess? | |||
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| 3. Alternation of generations, a life cycle where asexual and sexual reproduction both regularly occur, happens in some animals as a way to get the evolutionary advantage of each. What is that evolutionary advantage? Explain why each is an advantage (that’s a bit more than just naming the advantage. | |||
| ASEXUAL -
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SEXUAL -
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| 4. For two types of major organic molecules, name the type and give two different uses for that type found in organisms. | |||
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| 5. According to Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection, give the steps between a change in the environment and the appearance of a new species. | |
| 6. For three cell structures that are neither nuclear or cell projections, name the structure and briefly give its function. | |
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| 7. Based upon the implications of three different points in the Hardy-Weinberg rules, pick three processes that clearly affect evolution and briefly explain or give an example of one effect each can have | |
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| 8. A group has three possible responses to environmental change. What are they? | |
BONUS QUESTIONS.
Answer as many or as few as you wish. You can't lose points on the rest of the exam by getting these wrong. Partial credit is possible.
Why does a variation in pH often interfere in a protein’s function? Four Points.
What is necessary for Life to "break" the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics? Three Points.
What function, other than structural, is often served by the components of cytoskeletons? Three Points.
There are two basic ways to produce a syncytium? Two Points each.
At what point during Mendel’s life did he become famous for his discoveries? Three Points.
What was the driving force, the underlying motivation, for science during the 1700s and 1800s? Three Points.
Where are Darwin’s Galapagos Islands? Three Points.
What field were Hardy and Weinberg in? Three Points.
What is a microenvironment? Three Points.