On the line to the left, place the letter of the choice that best answers the question.
Three Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct answer.
1. *Spicules are what
_______
a. Shoot out of stinging cells
b. Hold Radiolarian shells
together
c. Give a sponge its shape
d. Give rise to root hairs
e. Are left on the corner of your mouth after hurling
2. *Mass flow is a term that could be applied properly to
_______
a. Ameba crawling
b. Sap running
c. Filter feeders
d. Photosynthesis
e. A bad case of beaver fever
3. Flagella on a cell differ from cilia on a cell in that flagella are
_______
a. Slower and used for crawling
b. Smaller & less numerous
c. More likely to be inside
d. Larger and fewer
e. Not as silly
4. Waterproofing on a plant can be provided by
_______
a. Cuticle b. Phloem c. Xylem
d. Root caps e. Scotchguard
5. From the color group that a type of algae belongs to, you can guess its
_______
a. Size range
b. Normal depth
c. Capillary
action
d. Symmetry
e. Fashion ability
6. A tree has one hundred tree rings. The 85th ring out from the middle is
unusually wide, which could mean
a. A warm, wet year about 85 years ago
b. A cold, dry year about 85 years ago
_______
c. A warm, wet year about 15 years ago
d. A cold, dry year about 15 years ago
e. This tree got engaged a lot
7. Which "red tide" organisms are most likely to be associated with
food poisoning? _______
a. Ciliates
b. Brown algae
c. Water molds
d. Dinoflagellates
e. Wait a minute, I've use TideTM, and it's not red...
8. A continuous column of water is used in both living and artificial
siphons;
the column stays together because of
_______
a. The water's cohesion
b. Osmosis
c. The water's adhesion
d. Stomates
e. An obsessive dysfunctional love-hate relationship
9. Leaves receive water through the
_______
a. Stomates
b. Xylem
c. Phloem
d. Epidermis
e. Soup-of-the-Month Club
10. The main disadvantage to moving water up a plant with root
pressure: _______
a. It only works in roots
b. It only works in sunlight
c. It's too weak
d. All of these are true
e. The roots get stressed out and have to see therapists
11. A gastrovascular cavity is called that because it
_______
a. Digests & distributes
b. Breathes & protects
c. Breathes & pumps
d. Kills & consumes
e. Is a long nasty word & scientists love that
12. Secondary growth can be found in
_______
a. Secondary roots
b. Root hairs
c. Woody stems
d. Herbaceous stems
e. Any Weight Watchers meeting
13. An animal that catches small food by straining it out of passing water is
_______
a. Deposit feeding
b. Filter feeding
c. Fluid feeding
d. Particulate feeding
e. Must be lousy at making conversation
14. The name "beaver fever" probably arose because the disease
_______
a. Is often picked up at water holes
b. Is usually passed by beavers
c. Sometimes makes a sufferer want to gnaw wood
d. Is picked up while swimming
e. Was first in line when the good names were given out
15. A lack of silica in water systems will mean fewer
_______
a. Hydras
b. Amebas
c. Plants
d. Diatoms
e. Sillicritters
SHORT ANSWER.
Answer any eight of the following questions for 4 Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than eight, only the first eight will be corrected. You can get partial credit on these answers.
1. What keeps people from being able to fight off diseases caused by trypanosomes?
2. The evolutionary development of a non-digestive body cavity was very important.
What advantage does such a cavity create?
3. Cnidarians go through two different general body forms. What are they called?
(Each has more than one acceptable answer.)
4. What is the main reason that Sponges are often classified in their own Kingdom?
5. Name two specialized stem types.
6. What type of organism producesPAM, and how are the symptoms caused?
7. Give two characteristics that together make animals, in general, different from other
types of organisms.
8. What is transpiration?
9. What does sessile mean?
10. Give two reasons why Toxoplasma is unlikely to cause birth defects.
11. Fill in: the flat part of a leaf is called the _______________,
and the stem is a _________________.
12. Give the plant subgroups usually associated with each root system:
Taproot:
Fibrous Root:
13. What are two marine types of Cnidarians?
14. What exactly appears to have happened during the Cambrian Explosion?
15. Animals with cephalization also virtually always have what other characteristic?
16. Give an example (NOT a definition!) of serial homology.
17. What and where are collar cells?
LONGANSWER.
Answer any three of the following questions for Eight Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than three, only the first three will be corrected. You can get partial credit on these answers.
1. There are four subgroups of the Protozoa. Name each and give one characteristic
that is only found in that particular group, but not in the others.
2. For each group below, give three sets of distinct differences.
PROTOSTOMES
DEUTEROSTOMES
3. What are three reasonswhy organisms may evolve alternations of generations?
This is about reasons - you can mention types of organisms to help explain, but the types
alone don't answer the question...
4. Many slime molds go through three different forms during a lifetime - briefly
describe those three forms.
5. Name and give a major function of four layers of a typical leaf.
6. What are four characteristics that Sponges and Cnidarians have in common (other
than general animal characteristics)?
BONUS QUESTIONS.
Answer as many as you are able. Wrong answers will not result
in points being lost from the main exam. You can get partial credit on these answers.
If a 4-inch non-rusting nail is pounded into a tree with 2 inches showing, four feet above
the ground line, what two things should be true about that nail 20 years later? Three
Points Each.
Why does seasonal growth produce tree rings? Four Points.
In areas where newcomers are warned, "Don't drink the water!" what exactly has
occurred that allows the locals to drink the water? Four Points.
How do the two species of human-living Trichomonads differ? Two Points Each.
Why was there a push to change the name of the Sporozoans? Three Points.
To what use are modern environmentalists putting sponges (hint: it's not washing)? Three Points.
What are the three different ways that jellyfish stings can kill people? Two Points Each.